Symmetry of boundary conditions of the Dirac equation for electrons in carbon nanotubes.

We consider the effective mass model of spinless electrons in single wall carbon nanotubes that is equivalent to the Dirac equation for massless fermions. Within this framework we derive all possible energy independent hard wall boundary conditions that are applicable to metallic tubes. The boundary conditions are classified in terms of their symmetry properties and we demonstrate that the use of different boundary conditions will result in varying degrees of valley degeneracy breaking of the single particle energy spectrum

Spectroscopy of SrRuO/Ru Junctions in Eutectic

We have investigated the tunnelling properties of the interface between superconducting Sr2RuO4 and a single Ru inclusion in eutectic. By using a micro-fabrication technique, we have made Sr2RuO4/Ru junctions on the eutectic system that consists of Sr2RuO4 and Ru micro-inclusions. Such a eutectic system exhibits surface superconductivity, called the 3-K phase. A zero bias conductance peak (ZBCP) was observed in the 3-K phase. We propose to use the onset of the ZBCP to delineate the phase boundary of a time-reversal symmetry breaking state.Comment: To be published in Proc of 24th Int. Conf. on Low Temperature Physics (LT24); 2 page

Charge Screening Effect in Metallic Carbon Nanotubes

Charge screening effect in metallic carbon nanotubes is investigated in a model including the one-dimensional long-range Coulomb interaction. It is pointed out that an external charge which is being fixed spatially is screened by internal electrons so that the resulting object becomes electrically neutral. We found that the screening length is given by about the diameter of a nanotube.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure

Polymyxin B-direct hemoperfusion therapy could contribute to hemodynamics and outcomes in emergency surgical patients

MEETING ABSTRACTS32nd International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine / Brussels, Belgium / 20-23 March 201

Tunneling properties at the interface between superconducting Sr2RuO4 and a Ru micro-inclusion

We have investigated the magnetic field and temperature dependence of the tunneling spectra of the eutectic system Sr2RuO4-Ru. Electric contacts to individual Ru lamellae embedded in Sr2RuO4 enable the tunneling spectra at the interface between ruthenate and a Ru microinclusion to be measured. A zero bias conductance peak (ZBCP) was observed in the bias voltage dependence of the differential conductance, suggesting that Andreev bound states are present at the interface. The ZBCP starts to appear at a temperature well below the superconducting transition temperature. The onset magnetic field of the ZBCP is also considerably smaller than the upper critical field when the magnetic field is parallel to the ab-plane. We propose that the difference between the onset of the ZBCP and the onset of superconductivity can be understood in terms of the existence of the single-component state predicted by Sigrist and Monien.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. vol. 74 no.

A New Type of Magnetic Actuator Capable of Wall-Climbing Movement Using Inertia Force

This paper proposes a new type of a magnetic actuator that operates on a resonance energy of a mass-spring model by using an electromagnetic force. The magnetic actuator is moved by the difference in an inertia force during one period of vibration. Experimental result demonstrates that a horizontal speed of the magnetic actuator was 7.4 mm/s with load mass of 50 g. We considered a method of a cable-free movement of the actuator by using two iron rails and four permanent magnets. The magnetic actuator is able to move stably a ceiling plane and a wall plane. This actuator is able to move on the plane of the magnetic materials only a function generator and a power amplifier

Interface superconductivity in the eutectic Sr2RuO4-Ru: 3-K phase of Sr2RuO4

The eutectic system Sr2RuO4-Ru is referred to as the 3-K phase of the spin-triplet supeconductor Sr2RuO4 because of its enhanced superconducting transition temperature Tc of ~3 K. We have investigated the field-temperature (H-T) phase diagram of the 3-K phase for fields parallel and perpendicular to the ab-plane of Sr2RuO4, using out-of-plane resistivity measurements. We have found an upturn curvature in the Hc2(T) curve for H // c, and a rather gradual temperature dependence of Hc2 close to Tc for both H // ab and H // c. We have also investigated the dependence of Hc2 on the angle between the field and the ab-plane at several temperatures. Fitting the Ginzburg-Landau effective-mass model apparently fails to reproduce the angle dependence, particularly near H // c and at low temperatures. We propose that all of these charecteric features can be explained, at least in a qualitative fashion, on the basis of a theory by Sigrist and Monien that assumes surface superconductivity with a two-component order parameter occurring at the interface between Sr2RuO4 and Ru inclusions. This provides evidence of the chiral state postulated for the 1.5-K phase by several experiments.Comment: 7 pages and 5 figs; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Terbinafine Resistance of Trichophyton Clinical Isolates Caused by Specific Point Mutations in the Squalene Epoxidase Gene.

Terbinafine is one of the allylamine antifungal agents whose target is squalene epoxidase (SQLE). This agent has been extensively used in the therapy of dermatophyte infections. The incidence of patients with tinea pedis or unguium tolerant to terbinafine treatment prompted us to screen the terbinafine resistance of all javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@dc06fb4 clinical isolates from the laboratory of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois collected over a 3-year period and to identify their mechanism of resistance. Among 2,056 tested isolates, 17 (≈1%) showed reduced terbinafine susceptibility, and all of these were found to harbor javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@374d721c gene alleles with different single point mutations, leading to single amino acid substitutions at one of four positions (Leu javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@4655f570 , Phe javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@112b804a , Phe javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@1f18e014 , and His javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@4319ac79 ) of the SQLE protein. Point mutations leading to the corresponding amino acid substitutions were introduced into the endogenous javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@2a0e3f1f gene of a terbinafine-sensitive javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@67eac3c4 (formerly javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@3f2a876d ) strain. All of the generated javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@315e9e95 transformants expressing mutated SQLE proteins exhibited obvious terbinafine-resistant phenotypes compared to the phenotypes of the parent strain and of transformants expressing wild-type SQLE proteins. Nearly identical phenotypes were also observed in javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@6af3a966 transformants expressing mutant forms of javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@5bb6b31f SQLE proteins. Considering that the genome size of dermatophytes is about 22 Mb, the frequency of terbinafine-resistant clinical isolates was strikingly high. Increased exposure to antifungal drugs could favor the generation of resistant strains

The human leukemia virus HTLV-1 alters the structure and transcription of host chromatin in cis

Chromatin looping controls gene expression by regulating promoter-enhancer contacts, the spread of epigenetic modifications, and the segregation of the genome into transcriptionally active and inactive compartments. We studied the impact on the structure and expression of host chromatin by the human retrovirus HTLV-1. We show that HTLV-1 disrupts host chromatin structure by forming loops between the provirus and the host genome; certain loops depend on the critical chromatin architectural protein CTCF, which we recently discovered binds to the HTLV-1 provirus. We show that the provirus causes two distinct patterns of abnormal transcription of the host genome in cis: bidirectional transcription in the host genome immediately flanking the provirus, and clone-specific transcription in cis at non-contiguous loci up to >300 kb from the integration site. We conclude that HTLV-1 causes insertional mutagenesis up to the megabase range in the host genome in >104 persistently-maintained HTLV-1+ T-cell clones in vivo

Upper Critical Field of the 3 Kelvin Phase in Sr2RuO4

The inhomogeneous 3 Kelvin phase is most likely a superconducting state nucleating at the interface between micrometer-sized Ru-metal inclusions and Sr2RuO4 above the bulk onset of superconductivity. This filamentary superconducting state yields a characteristic temperature dependence of the upper critical field which is sublinear, i.e., H_{c2} (T) \propto (T^* - T)^{\gamma} with 0.5 \leq \gamma < 1 (T^*: nucleation temperature). The Ginzburg-Landau theory is used to analyze the behavior of the nucleated spin-triplet phase in a field and the characteristic features of H_{c2} observed in the experiment are explained based on a two-component order parameter in the presence of a filament of enhanced superconductivity with a finite width.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure